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Science of Reading: In NC, a Race to Get More Students Reading on Grade Level

Data show gains in literacy since the heart of the pandemic, though students remain behind where they were before the pandemic

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, R-Gaston, told staff from the state Department of Public Instruction (DPI) that he wants to know when efforts to get elementary students on reading level will be successful.

鈥淭ell me that, and I鈥檒l be satisfied,” he said.

Deputy State Superintendent Michael Maher said that was a hard question to answer on the spot.

“That鈥檚 a great question,” he said. “I think that鈥檚 one we鈥檒l have to get back to you on.鈥

The question came during a meeting of the that heard presentations on reading, along with a number of other topics, on Nov. 29.

The presentation from DPI was on the , a law that was updated in 2021 to emphasize the use of the science of reading to ensure students in elementary schools can read on grade level by grade three.

The 鈥渟cience of reading鈥 refers to a body of research conducted by reading experts, especially cognitive scientists, on how we learn to read and how we read to learn. According to DPI, it is “evidence-based reading instruction practices that address the acquisition of language, phonological and phonemic awareness, phonics and spelling, fluency, vocabulary, oral language, and comprehension that can be differentiated to meet the needs of individual students.”

The data was previously presented and discussed at the and shows gains in literacy since the heart of the pandemic, though students remain behind where they were before the pandemic.

Slide from committee meeting. 2019-20 numbers are missing because end-of-grade tests were canceled due to the pandemic.
Slide from committee meeting. 2019-20 numbers are missing because end-of-grade tests were canceled due to the pandemic.

Torbett went on to say that efforts to teach students to read in North Carolina are not new.

“We鈥檝e been talking this for a long long time 鈥 I want some assurity 鈥 about when do you see a proficient reading at the end of third grade for our kids in North Carolina?” he asked. “If not, then it鈥檚 just talk.鈥

Maher explained that efforts to train teachers in the science of reading are still in early phases. The 2022-23 school year is the first year , according to DPI. Maher said it is likely that results from these efforts will be known when students now in kindergarten reach third grade.

The presentation was just one legislators heard in this meeting, which is coming ahead of the start of the long session in January. Next year’s session will also include the creation of the next two-year budget for the state.

See the full presentation

Schools That Lead

Julie Marks, the director of program evaluation and a senior research associate with the (EPIC), presented an evaluation on

The program came from a 2018 directive from lawmakers that required DPI to contract with Schools That Lead to provide professional development to teachers and administrators in up to 60 schools.

The program’s professional development model focuses, in part, on reducing “early-warning indicators” in elementary schools, reducing the number of ninth graders who are held back, and increasing on-time graduation. The program aims to do this by teaching educators how to design and implement improvement strategies in their schools.

Slide from committee meeting

The work in schools was done on a three-year timeline with the aim of ultimately improving student performance.

Slide from committee meeting

In all, the program reached 52 schools in 15 districts and charter schools, impacting 30,000 students, most of whom were experiencing poverty.

A case study was given to illustrate how the process works. For instance, a teacher looked at the problem, which was students failing a course. She looked at the data and saw that students had zeros on many assignments, and then she gave students a tool to track the completion of their work. All students subsequently improved their grade, with most bringing their grade up to passing.

Slide from committee meeting

The evaluation found an increase in knowledge among educators about “improvement science,” the process the program teaches to help improve situations in schools. It also found that the program gave educators the tools to try to address “barriers to student success.”

Slide from committee meeting

The evaluation found that students in schools participating in the program showed marked improvement in both graduation rates and chronic absenteeism.

Slide from committee meeting

on Schools That Lead showed the effectiveness of the organization’s approach when it comes to putting students on watch lists if they show early warning indicators.

Slide from committee meeting

Marks said that 鈥淪chools That Lead is something unique and different,” and ended her presentation with the following quote.

Slide from committee meeting

See the presentation on the evaluation

N.C. Promise

Lawmakers also heard about the, which provides dramatically reduced tuition for students at specific universities in the University of North Carolina System.

The program began in 2018 with Elizabeth City State University, the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, and Western Carolina University. Fayetteville State University will start in the program this fall.

N.C. Promise sets tuition for resident students at $500 a year and tuition for out-of-state students at $2,500.

The following graphic shows changes in enrollment for the colleges over time, taking into account that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted interest for reasons that couldn’t be controlled.

Slide from committee meeting

A on Fayetteville State University shows how its inclusion in the program is already showing results for this fall’s attendance.

Slide from committee meeting

See the N.C. Promise presentation

Community college organizational assessment and climate survey

Finally, lawmakers heard about an organizational assessment and a climate survey of the community college system, something

Part of the findings of the organizational assessment included challenges facing the community college system.

Slide from committee meeting

Burr Sullivan, chair of the State Board of Community Colleges, noted the issues raised by these studies.

鈥淲e have some more work to do, but we are on the right track,” he said.

He also noted that he presented the findings to Bill Carver, interim president of the community college system, when he stepped into the role in July for the second time in his lifetime.

While the system continues to search for a permanent new president, Sullivan said the work on making changes based on the findings has to start now.

鈥淭he issues that have come out of these surveys can鈥檛 wait for the next permanent president,” he said.

See that presentation

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